In the ultra competitive world of professional sports, victory is measured in fractions of time and distance. The difference in performance between two elite athletes amounts to less than one percent. Consequently, professional athletes take great interest in ergogenic aids, which refer to any technique or substance used to enhance performance. Common legal ergogenic aids include multivitamin supplements and hypoxic training.
Recently, the ability of brain stimulation to enhance sports performance has become an expanding focus of academic study. In an October 2017 article titled “Bilateral extracephalic transcranial direct current stimulation improves endurance performance in healthy individuals,” Angius and co-authors used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a form of brain stimulation, to improve endurance in 12 healthy, active adults during 10-minute cycling sessions.
Both before and after tDCS, the researchers assessed neuromuscular performance by measuring time to task failure among participants engaged in cycling sessions. They found that placing the anodes over both motor cortices augments endurance performance. In other words, cyclists who received anodal stimulation biked longer before quitting than did those under the cathodal and sham conditions.
In addition to observing changes in corticospinal excitability in those receiving anodal stimulation, the researchers found that their ratings of perceived exertion were also lower. The researchers suggest “the increase in endurance performance might be the result of higher excitability of the motor cortex leading to a reduction in perception of effort.”
Certain stakeholders have high hopes for tDCS that extend past sports performance and include training adaptations and neuroplasticity. To date, only four other studies have examined the effects of tDCS on measures of endurance. Nevertheless, the results of the current study are encouraging and could help bolster the spread of tDCS among professional athletes.
Currently, the Halo Sport, a wearable neurostimulation device, which looks like a pair of headphones and leverages tDCS technology, is becoming popular among NFL athletes, MLB at Olympic athletes, and more. The device promises improvements in strength, skill, speed, and endurance.
The text above mainly informs readers about…
A. enhancing athletic performance by brain stimulation
B. wearable devices to stimulate athlete’s speed
C. gaps in athletic performance
D. improving athlete’s ability through extensive brain training
E. measuring athletic victory with brain stimulation
Masalah tentang Ultra Competitive World diatas akan Kakak Bliss bantu meyelesaikan yang dapat adik-adik lihat jawabannya dan pembahasannya seperti di bawah ini.
Hai Septiangga, kakak bantu jawab ya.
Jawaban yang benar adalah ”A. enhancing athletic performance by brain stimulation”.
Soal ini menanyakan topik teks.
Opsi jawaban:
A. meningkatkan kinerja atletik dengan stimulasi otak.
B. perangkat yang dapat dipakai untuk merangsang kecepatan atlet.
C. kesenjangan dalam kinerja atletik.
D. meningkatkan kemampuan atlet melalui pelatihan otak yang ekstensif.
E. mengukur kemenangan atletik dengan stimulasi otak.
Dalam menemukan topik teks, lakukan langkah-langkah:
(1) Lakukan skimming untuk mengetahui ide umum teks.
(2) Pahami kalimat pertama tiap paragraf dan simpulkan keseluruhan ide paragraf.
(3) Pilih pilihan jawaban yang mewakili kesimpulan dari kalimat pertama tiap paragraf.
Kalimat pertama pada paragraf 1 yaitu ”In the ultra competitive world of professional sports, victory is measured in fractions of time and distance.” (Dalam dunia olahraga profesional yang sangat kompetitif, kemenangan diukur dalam fraksi waktu dan jarak.)
Kalimat ini memberikan petunjuk bahwa teks membahas tentang dunia olahraga, khususnya perolehan kemenangan dalam olahraga profesional.
Kalimat pertama pada paragraf 2 yaitu ”Recently, the ability of brain stimulation to enhance sports performance has become an expanding focus of academic study.” (Baru-baru ini, kemampuan stimulasi otak untuk meningkatkan kinerja olahraga telah menjadi fokus studi akademis yang berkembang.)
Terdapat frasa kunci ”brain stimulation to enhance sport performance.” (stimulasi otak untuk meningkatkan kinerja olahraga.) Hal ini berarti bahwa secara spesifik teks ini akan membahas tentang bagaimana cara meningkatkan performa olahraga melalui stimulasi otak.
Sebenarnya, dari hanya memerhatikan dua paragraf ini, sudah bisa menjawab pertanyaan pada soal. Teks ini secara keseluruhan membicarakan tentang cara meningkatkan performa atlet melalui stimulasi otak. Adapun paragraf ketiga sampai keenam menjelaskan mengenai teknis/penelitian tentang stimulasi otak yang dimaksud.
Nah, topik teks ini adalah mengenai ”enhancing athletic performance by brain stimulation.” (meningkatkan kinerja atletik dengan stimulasi otak.)
Jadi, jawaban yang benar adalah ”A. enhancing athletic performance by brain stimulation”.
Semoga membantu ya.
Belum menemukan jawaban?
Pertanyaan serupa
Jawaban dari persoalan Ultra Competitive World diatas, mudah-mudahan mampu menambah wawasan kalian semua.
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